优先级队列
一、概念

优先级队列的特点:
- 优先级队列,在插入一个元素的时候会考虑该数据的优先级。
- 和其他数据优先级进行比较。
- 比较完成后,可以得出这个元素在队列中正确的位置。
- 其他处理方式和基本队列的处理方式一样。
优先级队列主要考虑的问题
- 每个元素不再只是一个数据,而且包含数据的优先级。
- 在添加方式中,根据优先级放入正确的位置。
优先级队列的应用
- 登机顺序(头等舱、商务舱、经济舱)
- 急诊科(严重患者,普通排号患者)
- 计算机中,通过 优先级队列 来重新排序队列中任务的顺序
二、属性和方法
队列的方法(6个):
- enqueue(): 向队列尾部添加一个或多个新的项
- dequeue(): 移出队列的第一项,并返回被移出的元素
- front(): 返回队列中第一个元素
- isEmpty(): 如果队列中不包含任何元素,返回true,否则返回false
- size(): 返回队列包含的元素个数
- toString(): 将队列中的内容,转换成字符串形式
代码实现
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| function PriorityQueue() {
function QueueElement(element, priority) { this.element = element; this.priority = priority; }
this.items = [];
PriorityQueue.prototype.enqueue = function (element, priority) { let queueElement = new QueueElement(element, priority);
if (this.items.length === 0) { this.items.push(queueElement); } else { let added = false; for (let i = 0; i < this.items.length; i++) { const item = this.items[i]; if (queueElement.priority < item.priority) { this.items.splice(i, 0, queueElement); added = true; break; } } if (!added) { this.items.push(queueElement); } } }
PriorityQueue.prototype.dequeue = function () { return this.items.shift(); }
PriorityQueue.prototype.front = function () { return this.items[0] }
PriorityQueue.prototype.isEmpty = function () { return this.items.length === 0 }
PriorityQueue.prototype.size = function () { return this.items.length; }
PriorityQueue.prototype.toString = function () { return this.items.toString(); }
}
|
测试:
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| const pq = new PriorityQueue(); pq.enqueue('aa', 100) pq.enqueue('bb', 200) pq.enqueue('cc', 50) pq.enqueue('dd', 80) pq.enqueue('ee', 60)
console.log(pq)
|
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Post title: 优先级队列
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Post author: Chao
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Create time: 2019-09-05 14:45:00
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Post link: 2019/09/05/优先级队列/
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Copyright notice: All articles in this blog are licensed under BY-NC-SA unless stating additionally.
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